Martin Smolek (*1976, České Budějovice) is a graduate of the Faculty of Law of Charles University, where he received his Mgr. (2000) and JUDr. (2001) degrees. Afterwards, he spent another year studying Law of the EU, International Law, and Environmental Law at the Humbolt University of Berlin. In 2004, he successfully defended his dissertation thesis on the topic of Implementation and Enforcement of the EU and International Environmental Law at his alma mater in Prague. In the same year, he also graduated from Diplomatic Academy of Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

From 2001 to 2002, he worked in the Approximation of Law Department at the Ministry of Environment. In 2004, he joined the Office of the Agent of the Czech Republic before the Court of the European Communities and the Court of First Instance (now the General Court). In 2008, he was appointed an Agent of the Czech Republic before the Court of the European Union. From 2015 to 2022, he also served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs for Legal and Consular Affairs. Later he served as Director General at the same Ministry.

In addition, he was a member of the Review Commission of the Ministry of the Environment from 2008 to 2015 and a member of the Public Law IV Commission of the Government Legislative Council (European Law Commission) from 2011 to 2025.

On 21 October 2025, the President of the Czech Republic Petr Pavel, appointed him a Justice of the Constitutional Court.